Identification: Ludus Magnus The missing fragment depicted a section of the S side of the largest of the four gladiatorial training schools, the ludus Magnus, built by Domitian near the E end of the Flavian Amphitheater (Colosseum). The majority of the structure appears in fr. 6bcdf. A plaster cast of this missing fragment, marked by a star, is attached to the original fragments 6bdf. The exact location of the ludus Magnus - situated by the Regionary Catalogues in Regio III - was confirmed by excavations in 1937 and 1960-61 that revealed its N half (LTUR III, p. 196, fig. 131). Based on the FUR fragments, on the Renaissance drawing, on the excavated remains, and on the assumption that the building was symmetrical, A.M. Colini and L. Cozza were able to reconstruct its location and architecture. It was positioned immediately east of the Colosseum and just north of the axis of the amphitheater, between the ancient streets underneath the Via Labicana and Via dei SS. Quattro Coronati (AG 1980, fig. 19; LTUR III, fig. 131; Richardson 1992, fig. 52). The building consisted of an elliptically shaped arena surrounded by a cavea whose base was raised 2.75 m above the floor of the arena, and which was supported on brick-faced concrete walls and vaults. The seating area, which held ca. 3,000 spectators, was reached by four external stairs. Ceremonial entrances perforated the cavea at each end of the long axis and as seen in this fragment, box seats were placed at the ends of the short axis, thus closest to the action in the arena. A rectangular, two-storey colonnade, also visible in this missing fragment, surrounded the cavea, and triangular fountains occupied the corners of this porticus. A series of small, regular rooms for the gladiators and their gear opened onto all four sides of the colonnaded courtyard; stairs gave access to a second storey above. Excavations have revealed that in addition to the narrow entrance to the courtyard seen in the bottom row (north side) of fr. 6bcdf, there was a major entrance in the center of the row, granting access to the building from the Via Labicana (Richardson 1992, p. 237, fig. 52). An underground passage connected the ludus Magnus to the Colosseum (LTUR III, p. 197).

Significance Together with frs. 6bcdf and 6e, this missing fragment as reproduced in the Renaissance drawing, is key to reconstructing the architecture of the ludus Magnus. The presence of the box seats, one of which is seen in this fragment, and the discovery of marble revetted entrances indicate that the building counted high-ranking persons among its spectators (LTUR III, p. 196). The fragments also demonstrate the difficulty of piecing together the many surveys on which the map was based: on the map, the building is located ca. 15 m east of its correct position (AG 1980, p. 70, and fig. 19).

Text by Tina Najbjerg